SIMVehiclesSubmodules

Tires submodule

Use tire parameters to define tire structure, longitudinal grip, lateral grip, and camber dependency for each vehicle corner.

Tires define the structural, longitudinal, lateral, and camber-dependent grip model selected at each vehicle corner. Vehicles select separate front-left, front-right, rear-left, and rear-right tire modules.

When to use it

Use tires when you need a reusable setup building block that can be selected in a vehicle assembly. Create and maintain it from Design > Tires, then select it in the vehicle slot Tire Front Left, Tire Front Right, Tire Rear Left, and Tire Rear Right.

How it fits vehicle setup

  1. Create or duplicate the submodule from the Design section.
  2. Open the submodule row to review and edit parameter values.
  3. Save changes with Update Data.
  4. Open Vehicles and select the submodule in Vehicle Assembly.
  5. Use the vehicle detail tabs to inspect the selected submodule inside the vehicle context.

You need module create permission to create a new submodule and module update permission to edit values.

Parameter reference

Units, defaults, and ranges show n/a when no stable user-facing value was verified in the source used for this page. Method rows control which constant, lookup table, or polynomial rows are active in the product table.

Basic

ParameterDescriptionUnitsDefaultValidation / Range
Unloaded RadiusThe tire radius when it is without vertical load.mmn/an/a
Vertical StiffnessThe vertical spring stiffness of the tire.N/mmn/an/a
Vertical DampingThe vertical damping rate of the tire.Ns/mmn/an/a
Radial ExpansionThe radial expansion of the tire dependent on the forward speed of the tire.mm/(m/s)n/an/a
Rolling ResistanceThe dimensionless rolling resistance coefficient that will be multiplied by the tires vertical force to determine the rolling resistance force.n/an/an/a
Shape FactorThis parameter defines how pronounced the peak of the longitudinal force curve will be.n/an/an/a
Load InfluenceThis parameter defines how much the longitudinal mue falls off with increasing vertical load in relation to the “Reference Load”, or vice versa, increases with reduced vertical load in relation to the “Reference Load”.n/an/an/a
Peak FrictionThis parameter defines the longitudinal mue at the “Reference Load”.n/an/an/a
Curvature FactorThis parameter defines the initial slope of the longitudinal force curve and the slip at which the peak occurs and how those two aspects vary depending on the vertical load.n/an/an/a
Change of Stiffness with SlipThis parameter defines the initial slope of the longitudinal force curve and the slip at which the peak occurs.n/an/an/a
Reference Vertical LoadThe vertical load at which the longitudinal “Friction Coefficient” and “Load Influence” are defined.n/an/an/a
Combined Slip Angle FactorThis parameter defines the combined slip behavior depending on the slip angle when calculating the longitudinal tyre force.n/an/an/a
Combined Slip Ratio FactorThis parameter defines the combined slip behavior depending on the slip ratio when calculating the longitudinal tyre force.n/an/an/a
Mue MaxA maximum value for the longitudinal mue. This will prevent really extreme values to be calculated during simulation that can fail the simulation.n/an/an/a
Mue MinA minimum value for the longitudinal mue. This will prevent really extreme values to be calculated during simulation that can fail the simulation.n/an/an/a
Reduction Camber AngleThe camber angle at which the defined factor (=Fx Factor at Camber Reduction camber Angle) will be applied.degn/an/a
Factor at Camber Reduction camber AngleThe factor that Fx will be multiplied by when at the defined camber angle (=Fx Reduction Camber Angle).n/an/an/a
Factor ThresholdThe minimum ratio that Fx can ever be reduced to due to camber.n/an/an/a
Shape FactorThis parameter defines how pronounced the peak of the lateral force curve will be.n/an/an/a
Load InfluenceThis parameter defines how much the lateral mue falls off with increasing vertical load in relation to the “Reference Load”, or vice versa, increases with reduced vertical load in relation to the “Reference Load”.n/an/an/a
Peak FrictionThis parameter defines the lateral mue at the “Reference Load”.n/an/an/a
Curvature FactorThis parameter defines the initial slope of the lateral force curve and the slip at which the peak occurs and how those two aspects vary depending on the vertical load.n/an/an/a
Change of Stiffness with SlipThis parameter defines the initial slope of the lateral force curve and the slip at which the peak occurs.n/an/an/a
Reference Vertical LoadThe vertical load at which the lateral “Friction Coefficient” and “Load Influence” are defined.n/an/an/a
Combined Slip Ratio FactorThis parameter defines the combined slip behavior depending on the slip ratio when calculating the lateral tyre force.n/an/an/a
Combined Slip Angle FactorThis parameter defines the combined slip behavior depending on the slip angle when calculating the lateral tyre force.n/an/an/a
Mue MaxA maximum value for the lateral mue. This will prevent really extreme values to be calculated during simulation that can fail the simulation.n/an/an/a
Mue MinA minimum value for the lateral mue. This will prevent really extreme values to be calculated during simulation that can fail the simulation.n/an/an/a
Optimal Camber AngleThe camber angle at which the highest lateral force is provided.degn/an/a
Factor at Optimal Camber AngleThe factor that Fy will be multiplied by when at the optimal camber angle.n/an/an/a
Factor ThresholdThe minimum ratio that Fy can ever be reduced to due to camber.n/an/an/a

On this page